Magnesium sulfate medicine

(1) magnesium sulfate can inhibit the central nervous system, relax the skeletal muscle, and has sedative, antispasmodic and intracranial pressure reducing effects. It is often used to treat convulsion, eclampsia, uremia, tetanus and hypertensive encephalopathy. 10 ml of 10% magnesium sulfate was used for intramuscular injection or diluted with 5% glucose to 2% - 2.5% solution. However, it should be noted that direct intravenous injection or high-dose intramuscular injection of magnesium sulfate is very dangerous. Generally, 25% magnesium sulfate can be used up to 15 ml at a time. Attention should be paid to observe the patient's breathing and blood pressure when using. The knee reflex is an important sign of sufficient magnesium ion.


(2) magnesium plays an important role in the metabolism of sugar and protein. Magnesium salt should be added to children in growing period if they have dyspepsia and vitamin D application.


(3) magnesium has many physiological functions similar to potassium. Because the clinical manifestations of magnesium deficiency are similar to potassium deficiency, magnesium deficiency is often ignored. When the symptoms are not improved after potassium supplement, the possibility of magnesium deficiency should be considered first, so that hypomagnesemia can be corrected in time. Therefore, the patients with long-term infusion should pay attention to magnesium supplement at the same time of potassium supplement. The hypomagnesemia can be prevented by adding 1g of magnesium sulfate into daily infusion.


(4) when digitalis drugs are used in patients with cardiac insufficiency, magnesium salt can be supplemented appropriately to prevent the toxicity of digitalis due to low magnesium content. Magnesium salt is often effective in the treatment of tachycardia.


(5) oral magnesium sulfate has little absorption in the intestine, so it has no above-mentioned use. But oral magnesium sulfate has good cathartic function, so magnesium sulfate is also called cathartic. After the oral magnesium sulfate solution reaches the intestinal cavity, it has a certain osmotic pressure, so that the intestinal water is not absorbed by the intestinal wall. There is a large amount of water in the intestine, which can mechanically stimulate the peristalsis of the intestine and defecate. Therefore, magnesium sulfate can be used for the treatment of constipation and abnormal fermentation in the intestine; it can be used together with insect repellent to make intestinal worms easily discharged. 5-20 g of magnesium sulfate can be dissolved in 100-400 ml of lukewarm boiled water each time, and taken orally once in the morning. The concentration is not easy to be too high, 5% is better, otherwise the defecation will be delayed.


(6) magnesium sulfate can stimulate duodenal mucosa, reflexively cause relaxation of sphincter of common bile duct and contraction of gallbladder, so as to promote gallbladder emptying and have the effect of cholestasis. It can be used to treat cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, 2-5g per time, 3 times a day, orally before or between meals. Dilute 50% magnesium sulfate to 33% (high concentration), 5ml TID.


(7) magnesium sulfate can be used as gastrointestinal radiography


(8) antiphlogistic and detumescence the 50% solution of this product has the effect of antiphlogistic and detumescence.


Magnesium sulphate powder can be applied to reduce swelling, to treat swelling after limb trauma, to help improve rough skin, etc.


Magnesium sulfate is easy to dissolve in water, not absorbed by internal administration. Magnesium ion and sulfate ion in the aqueous solution are not easy to be absorbed by the intestinal wall, which increases the osmotic pressure in the intestine, moves the water in the body fluid to the intestinal cavity, increases the volume of the intestinal cavity, expands the intestinal wall, thus stimulating the afferent nerve endings of the intestinal wall, reflexively causes the increase of intestinal peristalsis and catharsis, and its effect is fast and strong in all intestinal segments. As cathartic and duodenal drainage agent.


Magnesium sulfate is mainly used for anticonvulsion by intravenous injection and intramuscular injection. It can cause vasodilation and decrease blood pressure. Because of the central inhibition of magnesium sulfate, the relaxation of skeletal muscle and the hypotensive effect, it is mainly used to relieve eclampsia, tetanus and other convulsions, and also for the treatment of high blood pressure crisis. It is also used to detoxify barium salts.